Inside
Follow the Medici story from crypt to sculpture
The route runs in a natural order: the crypt on the ground floor, then a lift or stairs up to the Chapel of the Princes, and a corridor to the New Sacristy. Allow 60–90 minutes and save your slowest looking for Michelangelo.
01Must see
Begin in the Medici Crypt
The low, vaulted crypt beneath the Chapel of the Princes holds the tombs of the Medici grand dukes and their families, from Cosimo I to Gian Gastone, the last Medici grand duke. Part of the Treasure of San Lorenzo is also displayed here.
Simple approachThe six huge sarcophagi upstairs are empty. The Medici are actually buried here.
02Must see
Look up in the Chapel of the Princes
Begun in 1604 under Grand Duke Ferdinando I, this octagonal mausoleum is covered in coloured marble and pietre dure (hardstone inlay). The work took so long that the dome frescoes by Pietro Benvenuti were only painted in 1828–1837.
Detail to findThe inlaid coats of arms of 16 Tuscan cities that run around the base of the walls.
03Included
Spot the Tacca bronzes
Only two of the planned statues of grand dukes were made: Pietro Tacca’s gilded bronzes of Ferdinando I and Cosimo II (1626–1642). They show how the Medici wanted to be remembered as rulers.
Look closelyCompare the stiff, formal statues here with Michelangelo’s idealised dukes next door.
04Michelangelo
Find Night and Day on Giuliano’s tomb
In the New Sacristy, the reclining figures of Night and Day lie below Giuliano de’ Medici, Duke of Nemours (d. 1516). Night, with her owl and mask, is one of Michelangelo’s most famous sculptures.
Look beyond the figuresStep back to see how the sculpture, niche and grey pietra serena architecture form one design.
05Included
Compare Dawn and Dusk on Lorenzo’s tomb
Opposite, Dawn and Dusk (also called Twilight) lie below Lorenzo de’ Medici, Duke of Urbino (d. 1519), shown deep in thought. The two tombs are designed as a matching pair: action and contemplation.
Better viewing rhythmLook from one tomb to the other before returning to individual faces and poses.
06Included
Spot the Medici Madonna
Michelangelo’s Madonna and Child stands above the simple tomb of Lorenzo the Magnificent and his brother Giuliano. Saints Cosmas and Damian, the Medici patron saints, flank her; they were carved by his assistants Montorsoli and Raffaello da Montelupo.
Why it mattersMichelangelo planned a much grander tomb for them here, which was never built.
07Architecture
Read the New Sacristy as a whole room
Commissioned in 1519 by Pope Leo X and Cardinal Giulio de’ Medici (later Pope Clement VII), it was Michelangelo’s first architectural project. He left it unfinished when he moved to Rome in 1534; the statues were installed in 1545.
Try thisAfter the tombs, look up at the coffered dome, a deliberate echo of Brunelleschi’s Old Sacristy in the basilica.
08Special access
Book Michelangelo’s Secret Room
Under the New Sacristy is a small room with charcoal wall drawings attributed to Michelangelo, rediscovered in 1975. It is thought he hid there in 1530 after the fall of the Florentine Republic. Visits last up to 15 minutes, for a maximum of four people with museum staff.
Important access pointReservation only. It is reached by a narrow staircase, and children under 10 are not admitted.